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Setting out design elevations with a level: staff reading, grade line, cut and fill

Enter the benchmark elevation, the backsight and design elevations (or a start elevation and grade) — get the staff reading for each point and cut/fill from actual readings.

Points
№№d, mH design, mb actual, m
1
2
3
4
5
You can paste a block from Excel or Word: click a cell and press Ctrl+V.
Readings and elevations in metres. Grade in per mille with sign: −12 = 12 mm drop per metre. Actual reading b — staff on the ground; optional.
Calculate

Setting out an elevation

HI = H_BM + a; b = HI − H_design; drive the peg until the staff reads b.

Grade line

H = H₀ + i·d for each station, each with its own reading.

Cut and fill

Ground elevation HI − b_actual; design minus ground gives fill (+) or cut (−).

FAQ

How to compute the design staff reading?
b = HI − H_design, HI = H_BM + backsight.
How to set out a grade line?
Compute H = H₀ + i·d at each station and the reading for each, or tilt the line of sight to the grade.
What is a cut/fill value?
Design minus ground elevation: positive — fill, negative — cut.
Reading out of staff range?
Move the level to a different height or use an intermediate point.
Accuracy?
About 2–5 mm per point with an engineer's level at up to 50–75 m.